IKEv2 VPN explained: complete guide and setup instructions

Pros and cons of IKEv2 VPN

Is IKEv2 VPN secure? What is it used for?

IKEv2 provides strong security through IPsec encryption and is considered secure for most use cases. The protocol supports modern encryption standards and provides reliable protection for data transmission.

Why use IKEv2:

• Mobile connectivity: IKEv2 excels for users who frequently move between networks, such as commuters switching between Wi-Fi and cellular connections;
• Built-in convenience: ideal when you prefer native operating system support without installing additional VPN applications;
• Battery-conscious usage: suitable for mobile users who prioritize battery efficiency during extended VPN sessions;
• Stable connections: excellent for activities requiring consistent connectivity, such as voice calls or video conferences over VPN.

Why not to use IKEv2:

• Performance on restrictive networks: in heavily censored environments, IKEv2 may be easily blocked if used without additional obfuscation tools;
• Advanced customization needs: if you require extensive configuration options or specialized features, OpenVPN might be more suitable;
• Speed priority: while fast, IKEv2 may not match WireGuard’s performance for speed-critical applications.

IKEv2 and battery life on iOS/Android

IKEv2’s efficient design makes it particularly battery-friendly on mobile devices. The protocol’s ability to maintain connections without constant re-authentication reduces processor load, extending battery life compared to protocols that require frequent handshakes.

IPv6 support and limitations

IKEv2 supports IPv6 connectivity, but implementation varies by operating system and VPN provider. Some configurations may experience IPv6 leaks if not properly configured with appropriate firewall rules.

Why is IKEv2 popular among VPN protocols?

IKEv2’s popularity stems from its native integration across platforms, excellent mobile performance, and reliable stability. The protocol’s built-in support eliminates compatibility issues common with third-party VPN clients.

How IKEv2 works with IPsec

IKEv2 serves as the key exchange mechanism for IPsec, handling authentication and establishing secure tunnels. IPsec then encrypts and authenticates the actual data transmission, creating a comprehensive security framework.

How to set up IKEv2 VPN in 3 easy steps (for Surfshark users)

Setting up IKEv2 with Surfshark is straightforward, thanks to built-in platform support.

1. Download the app: install the Surfshark app on your device from its official app store or our VPN download page.
2. Select the IKEv2 protocol: navigate to Settings > VPN settings > Protocol and choose IKEv2.
3. Select your preferred server location and conn3d5.

Setting up IKEv2 manually

Manual setup provides more control over configuration and works on devices without dedicated VPN apps.

Windows 

Due to IKEv2’s dwindling popularity on Windows devices, Surfshark has decided to remove IKEv2 support for Windows and focus on more secure and efficient alternatives instead. That said, the general steps for setting up an IKEv2 connection on Windows devices are as follows: 

1. Open Settings > Network & Internet > VPN.
2. Click Add VPN and select Windows (built-in).
3. Enter your VPN server details and authentication credentials.
4. Configure connection settings and save the profile.
5. Connect through the VPN settings panel.

macOS

For more information, see our detailed IKEv2 setup guide for macOS.

1. Open System Preferences > Network.
2. Click the + button and select VPN followed by IKEv2.
3. Enter the server address and authentication information.
4. Configure authentication settings in Advanced options.
5. Apply settings and connect through Network preferences.

Android (via strongSwan)

For more information, see our detailed IKEv2 setup guide for Android.

1. Download the strongSwan VPN client from the Google Play Store.
2. Import your VPN profile or configure it manually.
3. Enter server details, certificates, and authentication credentials.
4. Test connection and adjust settings as needed.
5. Connect through the strongSwan interface.

iOS

For more information, see our detailed IKEv2 setup guide for iOS.

1. Open Settings > General > VPN & Device Management.
2. Select Add VPN Configuration and choose IKEv2.
3. Enter server details and authentication credentials.
4. Configure additional settings like Always-on VPN if needed.
5. Save and connect through iOS VPN settings.

Troubleshooting common IKEv2 VPN issues

While IKEv2 is generally reliable, connection issues can occasionally occur due to network configurations, firewall settings, or authentication problems. Here are solutions to the most common IKEv2 VPN problems:

Stuck on “connecting” or “negotiating security”

This typically indicates authentication or configuration issues. Verify server details, check certificate validity, and ensure your credentials are correct. Try different server locations or contact your VPN provider for updated configuration files.

No internet after connecting

DNS configuration problems often cause this issue. Manually set DNS servers (like 8.8.8.8 or 1.1.1.1) in your network settings, or disable IPv6 if experiencing conflicts.

Certificate errors

Expired or invalid certificates prevent successful connections. Download fresh certificates from your VPN provider, ensure the system date/time is correct, and verify certificate installation.

DNS or IP leak problems

Configure your device to use VPN-provided DNS servers, disable IPv6 if unsupported, and use built-in kill switch features when available to prevent leaks during disconnections.

IKEv2 compatibility: devices, networks, and firewalls

IKEv2 enjoys native support across modern platforms:

• macOS: OS X 10.11 and later (native support);
• iOS: iOS 8 and later (built-in support);
• Android: Android 4.0+ (via strongSwan or natively in newer versions);
• Linux: various distributions with strongSwan;

• Windows: Windows 7 and later (built-in support; not available with Surfshark).

Firewall and NAT traversal

IKEv2 includes NAT (Network Address Translation) traversal capabilities, allowing connections through most home routers and firewalls. However, some corporate firewalls may block IKEv2 traffic on ports 500 and 4500.

Router compatibility

Many modern routers support IKEv2 configurations, allowing network-wide VPN protection. Check your router’s firmware documentation for IKEv2 support and configuration options.

Mobile networks and carrier issues

Most mobile carriers support IKEv2 traffic, but some may throttle or restrict VPN connections. Connection stability may vary based on carrier network quality and roaming agreements.

IKEv2 in regions with strict internet censorship laws

IKEv2 faces significant challenges in heavily censored regions. Because the protocol’s handshake is distinct, it is relatively easy to detect, and it gets blocked by deep packet inspection (DPI) systems. Government firewalls often block IKEv2 traffic, making using it unreliable in regions with strict internet censorship laws.

IKEv2 vs. other VPN protocols

Understanding how IKEv2 compares to other VPN protocols helps you choose the best option for your specific needs. While all modern protocols offer strong security, each has distinct advantages depending on your priorities and use case.

IKEv2 vs. OpenVPN

Choose IKEv2 for built-in convenience and mobile stability.

Choose OpenVPN for advanced features and restrictive network environments.

IKEv2 vs. WireGuard

Choose IKEv2 for native platform integration. 

Choose WireGuard for maximum performance and overall simplicity.

IKEv2 vs. L2TP/IPsec

L2TP/IPsec is an older, deprecated protocol that offers no practical advantages over IKEv2. IKEv2 provides better performance, security, and stability while maintaining similar compatibility.

IKEv2 vs. PPTP and SSTP

Both PPTP and SSTP are outdated protocols that should be avoided. IKEv2 offers superior security, performance, and compatibility compared to these legacy options.

Conclusion: should you use IKEv2 VPN in 2025?

IKEv2 remains a solid choice for users who prioritize built-in platform support and mobile stability. While WireGuard generally offers better performance and OpenVPN provides more flexibility, IKEv2 still excels in scenarios where native integration and reliable mobile connectivity are primary concerns.

FAQ

Is IKEv2 good for gaming?

IKEv2 provides stable connections suitable for gaming, though WireGuard typically offers lower latency. IKEv2’s reliable connectivity makes it acceptable for most gaming scenarios.

Is IKEv2 VPN free?

IKEv2 is a protocol, not a service. While the protocol itself is free to implement, you need a VPN service subscription to use IKEv2 for internet privacy and security.

What does IKEv2 mean on my iPhone?

IKEv2 appears in iPhone VPN settings as a built-in protocol option. It indicates you’re using the Internet Key Exchange version 2 protocol for secure VPN connections.

Can IKEv2 be blocked by firewalls?

Yes, firewalls can block IKEv2 traffic, particularly in restrictive network environments. Corporate firewalls and government censorship systems may prevent IKEv2 connections.

Is IKEv2 VPN safe to use?

Yes, IKEv2 with IPsec encryption provides strong security for most use cases. It uses modern encryption standards and is considered secure when properly configured.

How does IKEv2 compare to OpenVPN and WireGuard?

IKEv2 offers built-in platform support and excellent mobile stability. OpenVPN provides more customization options, while WireGuard delivers superior performance. Each serves different use cases effectively.

Does IKEv2 drain the phone battery quickly?

No, IKEv2 is relatively battery-efficient compared to other VPN protocols. Its design minimizes battery drain, making it suitable for extended mobile VPN use.

Is IKEv2 better than L2TP/IPsec?

Yes, IKEv2 is significantly better than the deprecated L2TP/IPsec protocol. IKEv2 offers improved performance, better security, and enhanced stability while maintaining similar compatibility.